Machine for making roofing



(No Model.) 2ShetsSheet 1. R. T. WRAYK; J. THOMSON.

MACHINE FOR MAKING ROOFING.

Patented Oct. 26, 1886.

Li {I- lT/VESSES'J N. PETERS. Phulo-Lnho m hcr, Washinglon. c.c.

(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

R. T'. WB.AY & J. THOMSON.

MACHINE FOR MAKING ROOFING. No. 351,557. a Patented Oct. 26, 1886 UNITEDSTATES PATENT OFFICE.

ROBERT T. WRAY AND JAMES 'rno soN, OF KANSAS CITY, MISSOURI,

MACHINE FOR MAKING ROOFING.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 351,557} dated October26, 1886.

Application filed June 15, 1886. Serial No. 205.207. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that 'we,RoBER'r T. W RAY and J AMEs THOMSON, of KansasCity, Jackson county, Missouri, have invented certain new and usefulImprovements in Machines for Making Roofing, of which the following is afull, clear, and exact description, reference being hadto theaccompanying drawings,which form a part hereof.

Our improvements relate to an apparatusto be used in the manufacture offabrics of dif-' ferent kinds into what is commonly known as ready-maderoofing, and the invention may be said to consist in the devices and thecombination and arrangement of devices hereini after described, andpointed out in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings, which represent the method of carrying outour invention, Figure 1 is a plan view of the apparatus. Fig. 2 is alongitudinal section through the same on line :0 m, Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is atransverse section on line y y, Fig. 1, through the combined track uponwhich the traveling hoppers are supported and the trough into which thesheets are deposited after being sanded. Fig. 4 is a detail view of themova-' ble gate that is located in the vat for holding the fabricbeneath the surface of the liquid therein contained. Fig. 5 is aperspective view of a double-edged scraper, also located in the vat, forthe purpose of removing a portion section of a portion of the bin orhopper and the eccentric feeding-roller.

In carrying out the invention we make use of a vat, B, in which the taror similar material is heated and applied to the fabric, and which maybe of any approved construction. The vat B is placed near one end of acombined track and trough, I, so that the car G,

An eccentric feed-governing roller, 2, is 10- cated at the bottom of thehoppers H, and it is operated by a hand-crank, 7, which may be attachedto either of its ends, as may be desired, so that it can-be operatedfrom either side of the trough. The operation and con-' struction ofthis roller areas follows: It is j ournaled in the hopperecoe'ntrically-that is, the journals 3 are located away from the actualcenter of the roller, and along its side that is diametrically oppositethe said journals a feather or a strip, 4, is inserted securely in agroove. Extending along one side of the opening in the bottom of thehopper is a metal strip, 5, the purpose of which is to form a solid seator bearing for said feather 4, and against which said feather isforcibly seated when the feed is shut off. Another strip,6, which may beeither of wood or of metal, is located in the hopper j ust above theroller 2, and it is attached to one side of the hopper and extends downvery near to the outer surface of said roller, and the purpose of whichis to guide the sand or other substance in its passage between the metalplate 5 and the feather 4. With this construction, then, it should beobvious that by turning the roller toward the left hand in Fig. 9 thefeather 4 will be removed from the plate 5, and the sand will be allowedto feed through the bottom of the hopper and down onto the fabricbeneath, as shown more clearly in Fig. 2.

The combined track and trough I is composed of a bottom, L, which shouldhavea width corresponding to the width of the fabric that is to beWorked, sides or rails, J, which should be faced with metal to withstandthe wear occasioned by the wheels of the cars, guide-boards K, placedinside the trough and inclined outwardly, and braces K, located on theoutside of the trough at suitable distances apart, for the purpose ofpreventing the sides J from spreading apart.

- The function of the guide-boards Kis as follows: In lowering thesheets to the bottom of the trough they would not-lie evenly if somesort of means were not used to keep their respective edges parallel.Therefore, as the sheets are being lowered their edges will first comein contact with theinclined guide-boards K, and they will thereby beguided properly to place, one upon the other in the trough.

The gate N, for depressing the fabric in the vat, is located in asuitable framing above the said vat, so that it can be raised or loweredby means of the suspending-rope N, and in its lower end a roller, 0, isjournaled. In this connection we may say that when roofing of threethicknesses or more is to be made, the lower end of said gate can beextended downwardly in some way, and another roller, 0, can be locatedjust below the other one, as shown by the dotted lines in Fig. 4.

A scraper, 10, having teeth, 18, formed upon one of its sides, andhaving upon the other side a knife-edge, 17, is located near the top ofthe vat for the purpose of removing some of the fluid from the underside of the fabric as it issues therefrom, as shown. The object ofform'- ing a knife-edge on one side of said scraper is to remove all ofthe fluid composition from one side of the fabric whenever desired, asin making roofing composed of a single sheet.

The clamp D is composed of alower part, 11, which is provided with araised tongue, 40, a stirrup, 13, which is rigidly attached to one endof the lower part, an upper bar, 12, which is provided witha groove,41,which corresponds to the dimensions of said tongue in the lower part,and one end of which is adapted to engage the rigid stirrup, and ahinged or removable stirrup, 14, for clamping together the free ends ofboth upper and lower parts.

The mandrel E is composed of a main portion or body, which is preferablyhollow and of tubular form, although it can be made of a solid roundshaft, if so desired, a removable journal, 90, from one side of which alug, projects at a right angle thereto, a rigid journal-piece, E, whichis secured in the end of the tube that is opposite the removablejournal, and which carries a hand-crank, E, for the purpose of rotatingthe mandrel, and,lastly, a sl pt, g, which is formed in one side of thetubular body. The operation of this mandrel is as follows: The end orends of the fabric that is to be wound upon the mandrel is inserted inthe slot, and the mandrel is or can be rotated at once, and the end willnot be drawn out of the said slot because of the friction of the surfaceof the fabric upon the edges of the slot.

Although our apparatus may be used for making roofing that is composedof a single layer of roofing paper,yet,with slight changes, it can beused in preparing roofing that is composed of three or more layers ofpaper or other fabric.

The method of using the apparatus may be thus described: The fabric orpaper composing the upper layer of the roofing is in the form of a roll,A, and is mounted upon aroller, A, that is located upon the side of thevat that is opposite the track J. The free end of the web is passed downunder the roller (or rollers, as the case may be) 0, that is located inthe lower portion of the gate N, thence up and over the scraper 10, overanother roller, A, which carries another roll of paper, 0, and then itis ready to be drawn out and sanded. The web 0, forming the bottom layerof the roofing-sheet, is locatedon the roller that is nearest the troughI, and in the operation of joining together the fabric of the two rollsthe free end of the roll Oand the end of the roll A are placed together,the stirrup 14 of the clamp D is removed from its place, the two partsof the clamp are opened out and the said ends are placed between them.The two parts of the clamp are then brought forcibly together, (thetongue of the lower part engaging a depression in the fabric whichcorresponds to the groove in the upper part,) and then the stirrup 14 isdriven on the free ends of the parts, thus compressing the fabric thatis located between them and securely holding the two ends together untilthey are to be released, which operation can be accomplished in a momentby driving the stirrup let off the said ends of the clamp. One end ofthe apron F is also secured to the ends of the fabric by being clampedin place by the clamp D, and its 0pposite end is secured to the hollowmandrel E by being inserted in the slot 9, as hereinbefore described. Bythe use of the apronFthe ends of the fabric can be lowered into the vatthereby, and can be covered with a coating of the fluid. \Vhereas, ifthe apron were not used and the ends of the fabric were attacheddirectly to the hollow mandrel on the car G, said ends could not belowered into the vat, and they would therefore not receive a coating ofthe liquid that is contained in said vat, and whatever portion that wasnot coated would have to be thrown away as waste material. nation of theapron, the clamp, and the hollow mandrel. \Vhen the ends of the tarredfabric come up out of the vat, as they can be made to do by winding theapron F upon the mandrel E a sufficient distance, the feed-roller 2 atthe bottom of the hopper carried by the car G is opened, allowing astream of sand to fall upon the hot liquid that is carried by thefabric, and at the same time the car G, carrying the mandrel E upon itsframing, is run out by hand or by any suitable power to the end of thetrack J, the first car, G, following up behind the car G and sanding thefabric as it goes. After a suitable length of the sheet has been reachedthe first car, G, is immediately run back to the starting-point, so asto be out of the way, the clamp D is removed from the ends of thefabric, the apron F is rolled up also out of the way, and the car Hencethe importance of the c0mbi-- G is run back slowly, its feed-roll 2being slightly opened, so as to deposit a thin layer of sand upon anyspot upon the fabric that may have been missed by the first car, G. Thusthe sanding operation is very thoroughly and quite quickly performed.'The sanding being completed the fabric is cut off at the web 0, and theoperation is repeated to make another sheet and until the pile of sheetsreaches such a thickness as will impose a substantial weight upon theunderlying sheets, when the pile may be permitted to stand any desiredlength of time.

It will be best to let the sanded sheets stand inthetrough as long as isconvenient, as the weight of the superimposed sheets will then cause thesand to be more securely embedded in the tarred surface of the paper,and hence a more durable roofing will be the result.

The mandrel E, which is attached to the framing of the car G, can easilybe used for the purpose of forming the sheets into marketable rolls, andthe operation of forming the rolls may be thus described. One end of thesheet is inserted in the slot 9. The mandrel is then revolved by meansof the crank E until all of the sheet has been rolled up. The mandrelcarrying the roll is then removed from its bearings upon the framing ofthe car, the

removable journal 90 is withdrawn from the end of said mandrel, and themandrel is then withdrawn from the roll, after which the operation is tobe repeated for another roll.

It will be observed that the removable jour- ,nal 90 is provided with alug, 9, upon one side for engaging the slot 9, and for the purpose ofpreventing the mandrel from turning without moving it in the samedirection. We will say that the advantages possessed by thisconstruction over those of a solid mandrel are very apparent. Forinstance, if the mandrel were constructed of a solid shaft and thejournal 90 were not removable, but were securely fixed to the main bodyof the mandrel,it could not be used for the purpose of forming the'sheets into rolls for the reason that the end of the sheet beinglocatedin the slot could not be withdrawn in the same way that it was inserted,but it would have to be cut off or broken off in some way before themandrel could be separated from the finished roll, while by the use ofthe mandrelwith the re movable journal the endof the sheet is readilydisengaged from the slot, and the mandrel can easily be withdrawn.

We are aware thatvan apparatus for conducting the operations of tarringthe-web,

' uniting thereto an untarred web, and sanding the other side, oruniting thereto asecond untarred web at one and thesame time has beenbefore constructed, and therefore we do not claim such, broadly but,

Having thus described our invention, what we claim is v 1. .A feedingdevice for roofing-machines, consisting of an eccentric roller journaledin the feed-opening of the hopper orbin' that contains the sandingmaterial, substantially as described.

2. The combination, with a bin or hopper for containing the sandingmaterial, of a cylindrical roller journaled in the feed-opening of saidhopper eccentrically,and a hand-crank or equivalent device for rotatingthe roller, and for ,the purpose of feeding the material past theroller, substantially as described.

3. The combination of the bin or hopper H,

the roller 2, provided with journals 3, which are located away from thecenter of the roller, feather 4, formed upon or secured to the roller,

and a hand-crank, such as 7, substantially as and for the purposedescribed.

4. The combination of the bin or hopper H, the roller 2, journaledeccentrically in said hopper, feather 4, secured to the roller, metalstrip 5, located at one side of the feed-opening in the hopper, strip 6,located in the hopper above the roller and extending down near the outersurface thereof, and a hand-crank, 7, for operating the roller,substantially as and for the purpose described.

5. The combination, in a machine for making roofing, of a vat forcontaining tar or similar material, rollers for carrying webs ofroofing-paper, located near the vat, a gate carrying a roller or rollersand located in the vat for depressing the material therein, a track ortrough arranged upon the ground or floor at one side of the vat,a cararranged to travel upon said track, and carrying a bin or hopper forsanding the material as it issues from the vat, and another car arrangedto travel upon the track behind the first-mentioned car, also arrangedto sand the material, and to which the end of the material or fabric issecured, substantially as and for the purposes described.

6. The. combination of the vat B, gate N, combined track'and trough I,cars G and G, carrying hoppers H, mandrel E, carried by car G, and apronF, secured to the mandrel, substantially as and for the purposedescribed.

7. A combined track and trough for use in making roofing, the sameconsisting of bottom L, sides or track J, inclined side pieces, K, andoutside braces, K, substantially as described.

8. The combination, in a roofing-machine,

- of a track arranged at some distance above the surface of the groundor floor, and adapted to form sides for a trough, in which the fabric orsanded material is to be deposited, and a car or cars carrying ahopperarranged to travel upon said track, substantially as shown anddescribed.

9. In a roofing. machine, the clamp D, composed of a lower part, 11,provided with a tongue, 40, stirrup 13, rigidly attached to one end ofsaid lower part, and upper part, 12,

provided with groove 41, and a hinged or removable stirrup, 14, forclamping together the In testimony whereof we affix onrsignatures freeends of both parts, substantially as set in presence of two witnesses.

forth.

10. In a roofing-machine, the hollow man- ROBERT T. \VRAY.

5 drel E, composed of a main body, which is JAMES TI-IOB'ISON.

preferably tubular in form, removable journal 90, carrying lug g, rigidjournal-piece E, oar- \Vitnesses: rying hand-crank E, and slot 5 formedin one J. \V. NORTON, side of the tubular body, substantially as andJAMES F. MISTER.

IO for the purpose described.

